![]() ![]() Apotropaic texts consist of short protective spells for warding off threats to the body and tomb. These texts form the largest part of the corpus and are dominated by the youngest texts composed in the Fifth and possibly Sixth Dynasties. The transition texts – otherwise known as the Sakhu or Glorifications – are predominantly about the transformation of the deceased into an Akh, and their ascent, mirroring the motion of the gods, into the sky. One example of these texts is the king’s response to Unas’ pyramid. The provisioning texts deal with the deceased taking command of his own food-supply and demanding nourishment from the gods. They consist of provisioning, transition, and apotropaic – or protective – texts. ![]() The remaining texts are personal and are broadly concerned with guiding the spirit out of the tomb, and into a new life. The writing in these texts indicates that they originated around the time of the Second and Third Dynasties. These texts appear in the Offering and Insignia Rituals, the Resurrection Ritual, and the four pyramids containing the Morning Ritual. They consist of offering spells, short spells recited in the presentation of an offering, and recitations which are predominantly instructional. The sacerdotal texts are ritual in nature and were conducted by the lector priest addressing the deceased in the second person. The spells of the Pyramid Texts are divided into two broad categories: Sacerdotal texts and Personal texts. The spells, or utterances, of the Pyramid Texts, were primarily concerned with enabling the transformation of the deceased into an Akh ( where those judged worthy could mix with the gods). In the New Kingdom ( 1550 BCE – 1070 BCE), pyramid texts could now be found on tombs of officials. During the Old Kingdom ( 2686 BCE – 2181 BCE), pyramid texts could be found in the pyramids of kings as well as three queens named Wedjebten, Neith, and Iput.ĭuring the Middle Kingdom ( 2055 BCE – 1650 BCE), pyramid texts were not written in the pyramids of the pharaohs, but the traditions of the pyramid spells continued to be practiced. The use and occurrence of pyramid texts changed between the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms of Ancient Egypt. Following the earlier Palermo Stone, the pyramid texts mark the next-oldest known mention of Osiris, who would become the most important deity associated with the afterlife in the Ancient Egyptian religion. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |